Battle of Ningjin
1627 · Ningyuan and Jinzhou (modern Xingcheng and Jinzhou, Liaoning) · China · Early modern
Unable to take Jinzhou by siege, Hong Taiji turned to attack Ningyuan; relying on strong walls and red barbarian cannons, the Ming army drove back the Later Jin, and Hong Taiji withdrew
Belligerents
Ming
- Commanders
- Yuan Chonghuan, Zhao Shuaijiao, Man Gui
- Strength
- Ningyuan and Jinzhou garrisons
Later Jin
- Commanders
- Hong Taiji
- Strength
- Main Later Jin army
Background
After succeeding to the throne, Hong Taiji first sent troops against Joseon Korea, then led an army against Jinzhou and Ningyuan in the Ming's western Liaodong.
Course of the battle
- Siege of JinzhouThe Later Jin army besieged Jinzhou, but Zhao Shuaijiao held out, and repeated Later Jin assaults failed
- Turning to attack NingyuanHong Taiji turned to attack Ningyuan; Man Gui came out of the city to meet him, while Yuan Chonghuan bombarded the enemy from the walls with red barbarian cannons
- Later Jin withdrawsAfter a long and costly siege failed, the Later Jin turned back to attack Jinzhou again, failed once more, and finally retreated
Outcome at a glance
| Date | 1627 |
|---|---|
| Place | Ningyuan and Jinzhou (present-day Xingcheng and Jinzhou, Liaoning) |
| Result | Unable to take Jinzhou by siege, Hong Taiji turned to attack Ningyuan; relying on strong walls and red barbarian cannons, the Ming army drove back the Later Jin, and Hong Taiji withdrew |
| Winner | Ming |
| Casualties | Heavy Later Jin losses in the assaults |
| Territorial change | The Ming dynasty held the Ningyuan–Jinzhou defense line, a victory known as the "Great Victory of Ningyuan and Jinzhou" |
Impact
Together with the Battle of Ningyuan, the Great Victory of Ningyuan and Jinzhou led the Later Jin for years afterward to bypass the Liaoxi Corridor and enter the passes from the direction of Mongolia instead.
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